FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION

SCHOOL DESIGN

(Final test)

Lecturer Dr. Rudi Hartono

TABLE OF CONTENT

Tittle page       ……………………………………………………………       1

Table of content          …………………………………………………....       2

Chapter  I                    : INTRUDUCTION

A.    SCHOOL PROFILE

1.      Background    ……………………………       3

2.      School Profile Detail   ……………………       3

3.      Philosophy of Education        ……………       4

4.      Law Foundation         ……………………       6

5.      The Objective        ………………………..       6

6.      Vision and Mission     …………………....       7

B.     SCHOOL MODEL, CURRIKULUM AND TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS

1.      School Model    …………………………...      7

2.      Curriculum      ……………………………       9

3.      Teaching Learning Process     ……………       9

C.     STAKEHOLDER AND FINANCE

1.      Stakeholder     ……………………………       9

2.      Finance       ……………………………….      10

CHAPTER II              :  SCHOOL FOUNDATION DISCUSSION

A.    Philosophical Foundation    ………………….       12

B.     Social Foundation         ……………………….      12

C.     Ethical and Moral Foundation      ……………       13

D.    Economic Foundation       ……………………       13

E.     Managerial Foundation     ……………………       14

F.      Curricular Foundation       ……………………       15

G.    Technological Foundation     ………………....      16

CHAPTER III                        : CONCLUTION       …………………………….      18

REFERENCE                         …………………………………………………….      19

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A.    SCHOOL PROFILE 

1.      Background

UUD 45 says that education is government responsibility to shape the educated people . The problem is that government doesn’t have enough budget   to  fulfill what UUD 45 wanted. To provide  that , Many private schools are built . Why?, Because school is the place  where the children can learn intensively   under the control  institution. School   gives wider access for children get  good education not only science  but  in religious also. School is the answer  for challenging the future global era. Base on that reason  the  private  school established but   many school buildings be managed for business. The school fees become expensive cost and  the quality is not good enough. School be  built not base on  what the social needed  because  when  the student pass, they get difficult to  find out a job and  the certificate is unavailable for getting job. Now days, society have been smart and brilliant. They will choose the school which have good quality and give their  hoping after passing studying  for their job.

2.      School profile detail

Area	ASEA
Country	Indonesia
Type of school	Bintang CahayaVocational High School
School name	Bintang CahayaVocational high school
Location	Pemalang
State/Province/country	Sentral Java, Indonesia
Street address	Jl. Simpang Raya, Pemalang,Sentral Java. Indonesia
Tepephone	085727318208
E-mail	Bintangcahaya_school@yahoo.com
Students population	Normal students with good input
Size	Faculty: Nurse       : 3 classes every grade level Computer : 3 classes every grade level Student – teacher ration is  15 : 1 540 Total students
Grades	10, 11, 12
Administrator	Ida Laela
Principal	Ginaetria Astuti
Position	Director
Teachers	Adaptive, normative, productive  Experienced teachers .
Email	Bintangcahaya _school@yahoo.com
Grade	G.10, G11, G12
Age	14 – 17
Curriculum	National curriculum and have developed into  school based management that it have been settle The society needed where this school  established

3.      Phylosophy of education

Philosophy of education can also be understood not as an academic discipline but as a normative educational theory that unifies pedagogy, curriculum, learning theory, and the purpose of education and is grounded in specific metaphysical, epistemological, and axiological assumptions. These theories are also called educational philosophies.

.                                    Therefore, its main function is to build the society as per man aspirations and to develop the kind of manpower that the society needs. Because of that, this school be established base on the humanism philosophy. Humanism is a paradigm/philosophy/pedagogical approach that believes learning is viewed as a personal act to fulfill one’s potential. (Abraham Maslow,).says that humanism, a paradigm that emerged in the 1960s, focuses on the human freedom, dignity, and potential. A central assumption of humanism, according to Hutt (2001), is that people act with intentionality and values. This is in contrast to the behaviorist notion of operant conditioning (which argues that all behavior is the result of the application of consequences) and the cognitive psychologist belief that the discovering knowledge or constructing meaning is central to learning. Humanists also believe that it is necessary to study the person as a whole, especially as an individual grows and develops over the lifespan. It follows that the study of the self, motivation, and goals are areas of particular interest.

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. A primary purpose of humanism could be described as the development of self-actualized, autonomous people. In humanism, learning is student centered and personalized, and the educator’s role is that of a facilitator. Affective and cognitive needs are key, and the goal is to develop self-actualized people in a cooperative, supportive environment. Kolb’s experiential learning theory is a holistic perspective that combines experience, perception, cognition, and behavior.

Ki Hajar Dewantara, says that humans have the power of the soul that is creativity, initiative and work. The development of

the whole man demanded balanced development of all power. The development is too focused on one power alone will produce nor complete human development. Education that emphasizes the intellectual aspect alone will only alienate students from the community. And education was until now only emphasizes on the development of creativity, and less attention to the development if the feeling and intention. If continued would make people less humane or inhumane.

4.      Law foundation

1.      UUD 45 Year  1945  about  Education pasal 30 ayat 1

2.      UU No. 20/2003 about National  Educational System

3.      PP No.19,Year  2005 about Educational national standard

4.      UUD No.20/2003 SISTIDIKNAS Chapter 10 Verse 36 . paragrap 1,2,3

5.      UU Daerah No. 20,  Chapter  XIV ,Verse  50, paragraph 2 about Management of education

6.      UU Teacher and Lecurer No. 19 /2005

5.      The objective

As assess education against the backdrop of a thought that the future generation of unitary Republic of Indonesia is determined qualified leaders and national vision. Therefore, it is necessary embodies a school that educates children of the nation not only on intelligence but also the achievement of students who have less. In addition to formal schools also use qualitative education covering aspects inelegancy academy, health, and has a national character

6.      Vision  and Mission

a.       Vision

"Building students who have religious, competent, qualified, professional and noble character in their field and are ready  to compete with labor    in the national and international levels".

b.  Mission

a. Prepare the students to become qualified through management

professionally and perfect with  modern facilities, support  the environment  become creativities , develop and hard  work, to be  men belong a good character

     b. Develop the student  have  the ability to be able to lead , have

                                 academic with a moral quality and nobility, has high faith and piety, understand and practice the concept of nationalism and cultural applied.

                                

B.     School model , Curriculum and Teaching Learning Process

1.      School Model

a.       This school based on an international school system, The student provide good facilities to learn, hostel an entertainment to who the student need it. Male student live in different dormitory.

b.      School  fit out infrastructural like classroom. Field-Sport , library, School wisher, mosque, toilet, canteen and school organization rooms and Fulfils it functions in a school building suitable to support a comprehensive Islamic and academic program related to the needs of the student, teacher and administrative staff

c.       Supply the most recent technology to support academic and administrative requirement in teaching

d.      Recruitment students, Choose the students who have good inelegancy without considering             whether the student come from rich or poor level

Grading and Ranking:

A – Excellent	94–100	4
B – Above average	85–93	3
C – Average	75–84	2
D – Below average	65–74	1
F – Failure	64 or below	0

     

GPA(Grade Point Average )is computed using the above quality points. Beginning with grade nine, all subjects, whether passed or failed, are included in the computation. A minimum of credits is required for graduation. In addition, each student must complete a 200-hour community service graduation requirement.. Grades are recorded on the transcript and GPA is computed in January and June.

e.         Books are the window of the world. Library. Students is freely to read or borrow brook from library. Library facilitates what the student need such as; newspaper, packet books, general books and many other reference books, computer for searching material or   printing out.

f.   School wishes

School facilitate canteen for eating some like that when in breaking time and medical room to serve the student who has trouble in health during in school activity.

g. Students, school and community

Student, school and community and company greatly  supported all that  in solid planning and strong discipline in maintaining the schools’ highly recognized standard and position that  the school is reliable  by society.

                       

2.      Curriculum

a.       This school curriculum  refer to National curriculum which be settled  in school base curriculum where the school has authority to manage suitable what the school want to be.

b.      The student apply an SKS or credit semester system

c.       Extracurricular program, Many extracurricular conduct daily outside school hours and require additional attention for the improvement of the students’ potentials such as marching band, Sport, swimming, art, scout, leadership and research report. And English club, Youth red cross. All those to support and give opportunity the students  in developing their talent

d.      Giving adding material to the low students and enrichment to the smart students

3.      Teaching Learning process

To maximize the potentials of the students, various kinds of teaching media are being implemented such as ICT and internet. Teaching and learning process is student as central. Teacher just only as facilitator. Teachers guidance the student whenever the student need them suitable the subjects’ teacher. Teacher do collaborating with other teachers in the same subject to find out  good techniques for teaching

            C. Stakeholder, and finance

1.      Stakeholder

A 'stakeholder' is someone who has a vested interest, financial, social or otherwise in an action or organization. From the web: 'An individual or group with an interest in the success of an organization in delivering intended results and maintaining the viability of the organization's products and services. Stakeholders influence programs, products, and services.'
Hence, an education stakeholder includes students, academics, employment and careers advisors, teaching and learning managers, employers of recent graduates, business deans, professional bodies, libraries, PTAs and other parent organizations.

The school  be managed  a leader ,namely a principal As

a managerial,  a principal manages teacher, staff and regulate the school daily activity. The principal be helped  by 4 vice principals (vice principal for curriculum., vice principal for social relationship, vice principal for student affair and vice principal for infrastructural). The principal also has  an authority for making the policy where is the policies refer to development the school a head become better

2.      Finance

a.       Source of fund

Bublic school funding relies primarily on revenues generate from taxes specially local properly taxes. the fund can be found from government, student, unit   productive or another source like donator or  grant. although states are responsible for education, traditionally much of this responsibility has fallen to  local school districts because the government has  the limitation  funding

b.      The use of financial(spending taxes)

For Building all facilities needed  main  building where the student learn and all facilities for supporting of  student learning  such as; classroom, laboratory, workshop and another deeded

c.       Finance management will be promoted in transparent using finance management by reporting the finance regulation to government or the students’ parent annually.

CHAPTER II

SCHOOL FOUNDATION DISCUSSION

This school  be established for answering the new days situation where the  social relationship, moral and the spirit of humanity have lost from the real Indonesia culture. As new school I conceder  many kinds of foundation such as, philosophical, social, economic, ethical and moral, managerial, curricular and technological foundation to establish  new school

1.      Philosophy foundation.

There is a wide and close relationship between education and philosophy. Both philosophy and education are integrally and independently related to each other. John Dewey  endorses  the  viewpoint  of  Ross  when  he says, “Philosophy is the theory of education in its most general phase”. Fichte’s view: “The  art  of  education will  never  attain  complete  clearness without philosophy”. Spencer’s view: “True education is practicable to true philosophers”. Gentile’s view: “Education  without  philosophy  would  mean  a  failure  to understand the precise nature of education”.

                  Building school  need a philosophy due to following reasons: Philosophy determines the real destination towards which education has to go. Philosophy  determines  the  various  aspects  of  education such as ; aspect  of  education  –  aims, curriculum, methods of teaching, text books, discipline, teacher etc. The role of education is to contribute to the  efforts  of  man  and  society  as  they  move  towards  the  future

2.       Social foundation  point of view.

Educational is  interrelationships between school and society, education and culture. In this context, schools are viewed as social organizations whose policies affect and are affected by social and intellectual currents both. John Dewey, George S. Counts, and Harold Rug, we insist that educational activities must be evaluated in terms of their social as well as their pedagogical outcomes.

     Build relationship together with community surrounding, parent, experts,  company. Partnering is very important that why the school build genuine collaborative relationship within the school and with family and community. It further supports that school  take an active role in strengthening the community as well as providing guidance to engage student ,teachers and other  in decision-making and direction of learning in school activity. The school consider  the economy lever in society to give opportunity to study to whom the students have low economy or low income

3.      The point of view from ‘ethics’ and. ‘Morality’,

It defined as  the  customs, habit and  widely  accepted  as  standard  in  a society  or  community  of  people  —  accepted as a basis of life that doesn't have to be rationally. Ethics on the other hand is the  philosophical  reflection  upon  these  rules and ways of living together, the customs and habits of individuals,  groups  or  mankind  as such.  This taken conception of Aristotle. In building school, we consider with culture and customs around the school area.

4.      From Economic point of view,

Adam Smith (1776) that scholars are attempting to give an appropriate response to the role of education in an economic setting. In building school around the school area, we  think about the economic background of the society. The public school funding public relies primarily on revenues generated taxes, especially local property taxes and state and school fees but the most generated from student fees. Although our government can’t support much fund, the school has considered that for student fees not burden the students. The school considers the economy level in society to give opportunity to study to whom has low economy or low income

5.      Managerial foundation..

Managerial refer to terms of or relating to a manager and has   responsibilities, or position of management. Education system need good management to face new challenges and has often entailed the multiplication and change of administrative structures, levels and institutions. As a managerial have to manage all activity to reach the goal of the school. (Bush, 1986; Bush, 1995; Bush, 1999; Bush, 2003) that educational management has centrally concerned with the  aims of education. These purposes or goals provide the crucial sense of direction to underpin the management of educational institutions professionally

  As manager a school is called a principal. A principal who responsible for school  operational with day to day school operation and give instruction .Ordinary a principal has more than one vice principal. The principals’ job is dealing. The most time that principal focusing on curriculum; The principal will shaping vision and mission as adjective to reached the goal of  the school, accountable in financial management, creating a climate hospitable to education in order that safety, a cooperative spirit and  other foundations of fruitful interaction prevail.  Cultivating leadership in others, so that; teachers and other adults assume their part in   realizing the school vision. Improving instruction to enable teachers teach at their best and students learn at    their utmost. Manage people, data and processes to foster school improvement.

  Creating a climate hospitable to education effective principals ensure that their schools allow both adults and children to put learning at the center of their daily activities. Such “a healthy school environment,” as Vanderbilt researchers call it, is characterized by basics like safety and orderliness, as well as less tangible qualities such as a “supportive, responsive” attitude toward the students and a sense by teachers that they are part of a community of professionals focused on good instruction. School  reforms aimed to improve the effectiveness of educational institutions; Use appropriate information tools for the monitoring of the quality of an education system;  Communicate effectively orally and in writing on major reforms to improve educational management

            6.  Curricular foundation

  The curriculum needs to be securely established in socio-cultural,

philosophical, and psychological bases for all-around development of

the learner. Society and culture relate to curriculum in the sense that

they are part of the bases and sources of many curriculum matters and

decisions.  Whatever changes there are in them, education in generaland

curriculum in particular are affected. The societal change  affect the school such as : Cultural tradition,Textbooks,.  Laws, Moral values, Research,  multi-cultural concerns, poverty and technology. the  end points for all ,feel the influences of socialforces and prevailing theories of educational.

phylosophy  combine to shape the goals adopted of the national curriculum level. This goal turn effect the more special goals and objective adopted in particular  school and  classroom  over time.

To reach the goal of national curriculum level be varmulated to be;National, destric,school goals. The school-level goal  statement  flow from an overall school mission statement.The goal provide a direction by describing what schooling in intended to complish. the  end points for all ,feel the influences of socialforces and prevailing theories of educational.Social force and phylosophy  combine to shape the goals adopted of the national curriculum level

To reach the goals every subject in the class, theacher arrange the program namely lesson plan which it show skill specific. both teacher and students can evaluate the amount of learning. It mean how teacher and students can bunafit from preparing clear objectives The school  estabishment follow the sociaty area needed or requairment.

Use The national curriculum as standard and be improved  using base    Choose management. No specialized or different curricula in teaching learning process. The academic program (AP) is organized on a rotating block schedule. use credits system where is per semester is the maximum course load; students take four 45 -minute block classes,  Students attend three block classes and the regular class daily. Block classes are 3 years and students may complete in 2 years in credit system.

The school program  is offered: Religion, Art History, Biology, mathematic, Chemistry, English Language , ICT and World History /national story.  World language and culture courses offered include Japanese, Mandarin and Arabian. All material be arranged based KTSP( school base curriculum). The Area Vocational & College Programs, The school program be offered must skill ability appropriate with  what competence the school want after the student  passing from school for finding a job.

7. Tecnological foundation.

Technological foundation here refer to the technology base on  technological - based in scientific progress; "a technological ivilization".Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) Definition and Terminology Committee , 2004. State that Educational technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.

While,Foundation of education technology refer to a foundation course

with the main purpose of introducing to the students several definitions

of educational technology (process & product) and current development

of ICT and its impact towards teaching, learning and management.

Other aspects that will be discussed include

human-computer interaction, interactive learning technology, knowledge management, and also research, development and publication related to ICT applications in the teaching and learning process. This course also include instructional design (ID) models related to the development of  interactive multimedia stand-alone for learning, Internet-based learning and computer-based information and resource system management. For new global era ICT  is very important because , ICT for teachers and students as well as very helpful in accessing the knowledge extensive  and costly because not affordable to oblige. Just by looking at the net working, we can get what we need quickly without the cost. The school support the teacher and  student  using ICT by giving facilities  for that.

 

CHAPER III

CONCLUTION

Base on that proposal school design above, It can be terminated as below:

1. This school is established based on the humanism theory.  In humanism, learning is student centered and personalized, where is  the educator’s role is that of a facilitator. Affective and cognitive needs are key, and the goal is to develop self-actualized people in a cooperative, supportive environment.  a holistic perspective is part of Humanism  theory, it set in combining experience, perception, cognition, and behavior.

2. In school management  based an international education system but it still refer the national curriculum .and in operational using school based management .(KTSP)

3. This school wants  to give the best servicing the students  by  fulfill all facilities what the student needed for learning. And

 

PREFERENCE

Allan C. Ornstein, and Daniel U, Levine, Houghton Miffin Company, Boston, New York, 2007.

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2/1973; http://www.ditext.com/frankena/ethics.html.Dupuy, J.-P.: Complexity and Uncertainty. A Prudential Approach to Nanotechnology. UNESCO, 2005;

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J. and Brooks, M. (1993). In Search of Understanding: The Case for Constructivist Classrooms, ASCD

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