ARTICLE: ANALYSIS TEXT PERSPECTIVE RELATE WITH CONTEXT OF SITUATION AND CULTURE
(by: Sugiastuti)
INTRODUCTION
Study foreign language is
complicated. It’s not only study about speaking, listening, reading or
writing but also involve grammar, intonation, stressing and more other. Language is structure to make three mind kind of
meaning simultaneously. This
semantic complexity which allows
interpersonal meaning, experiential
meaning( ideational meaning) and textual
meaning to be settled together in
linguistic units. Teachers never evaluate themselves how much ability have been
possessed, how to teach grammar in simply but clear.
Generally, students get difficult to study grammar. Grammar for the
student is the new thing because in indonesia language is not found grammar
like English style.
English teaching should emphasis
on grammar as an important part in the acquisition of the foreign language. the
English teachers have to introduce part of clauses or sentences such as;
subject, predicate, object or complement if any
Most of the English teachers know that the students get difficulties to clarify which one as subject or predicate or object and complement. And Teachers also know that students get difficulties to decide what kind of tenses in it. Another side the teachers themselves don’t have solution how to make the student understand about it. Below is the example of the discourse which will be analyze how to determine among the parts of sentence that is subject, predicate, object or complement if any.
“Golkar hopes PKS remains in coalition”
Taken:The Jakarta Post | National | Sat, June 08 2013, 12:58 PM Paper
Edition | Page: 4
Golkar Party politician Setya Novanto said he
wanted the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) to remain in the government coalition
until the end of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s term next year.
“As a coalition partner, we hope the PKS will always stay together,” Setya said as quoted by tempo.co.id on Friday.
He explained that Golkar would not suggest the Democratic Party remove the PKS from the coalition.
Setya said the PKS must have its own reason for always skipping the coalition’s joint secretariat meeting. “PKS chairman [Anis Matta] was visiting the regions, so we did not take it as a problem,” he said.
Democratic Party deputy chairman Max Sopacua previously said his party questioned the PKS’ commitment to the coalition as it refused to support the coalition’s stance on the fuel price hike. “It would be better for them to go out of the coalition rather than be a burden for us,” he said.
“As a coalition partner, we hope the PKS will always stay together,” Setya said as quoted by tempo.co.id on Friday.
He explained that Golkar would not suggest the Democratic Party remove the PKS from the coalition.
Setya said the PKS must have its own reason for always skipping the coalition’s joint secretariat meeting. “PKS chairman [Anis Matta] was visiting the regions, so we did not take it as a problem,” he said.
Democratic Party deputy chairman Max Sopacua previously said his party questioned the PKS’ commitment to the coalition as it refused to support the coalition’s stance on the fuel price hike. “It would be better for them to go out of the coalition rather than be a burden for us,” he said.
THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATION
Halliday ( 1985) has argued that language is structure to
make three mind kind of meaning
simultaneously. This semantic complexity which allows interpersonal
meaning, experiential meaning(
ideational meaning) and textual meaning
to be settled together in linguistic
units. Interpersonal meanings are a meaning
which express a speaker’s attitudes and judgment. Meaning are realized in wording through
what is called MOOD. Meanings of this kinds are most centrally
influenced by tenor of discourse. Ideational
meanings are meaning about phenomena
about things ,abstract and concrete. About
going on , and the circumstances surrounding these happenings and doing.
These meanings are realized in wording true participants, processes and
circumstances. Meanings of this kind are most centrally influenced by the field
of discourse. And Textual meanings are
express the relation of language to each environment, including both the verbal
environment, what have been said or written before(co-text) and the nonverbal,
situation context . These meaning are
realized through pattern of theme and
cohesion. Textual meanings are centrally influenced by mode of discourse. Sociolinguistics
doesn’t only ask functional question about how people are using language, but
it also language structure for use.
In Other word, Language also can say relating with context of
culture and context of situation . Context of culture produce genre and context
of situation produce register. Context of situation produce of resister be
covered by mode, tenor and field. While context of culture produce genre is
covered by mood, transitivity and theme/rheme, language feature and generic structure.
ANALIZING
1. The text related to the context of culture
a. Text type/genre : News item
b. Social Purpose : to inform event of the day which has newsworthy
c. Linguistic feature : Look at the following below, how relate the text to the
context of culture that it is covered my mood. Transitivity
and theme /rheme:
1)
Golkar Party politician Setya Novanto said
|
Golkar Party politision, Setyo Novanto
|
Said
|
|
|
Subject
|
finite
|
Predicator
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
|
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Sayer
|
Pr:Verbal
|
|
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Theme
|
Rheme
|
|
2) he wanted the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS)
|
He
|
Wanted
|
PKS
|
|
|
Subj
|
finite
|
predicator
|
complement
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
||
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Senser
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Pr:Mental
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phenomenon
|
|
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Theme
|
Rheme
|
||
3) To remind the government coalition till the end of president S.B yudhoyono’s term next year
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to
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remind
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The government coalition till the end of President S.B.Yhudhoyono’s
term
|
Next year
|
|
|
Predicator
|
complement
|
Circumst adjunct
|
|
|
Residue
|
||
|
|
Mental Pr: cognitive
|
phenomenon
|
|
|
|
Rheme
|
||
4) As a coalition partner, we hope the PKS will always stay together,”
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As a coalition
|
we
|
Hope
|
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The PKS
|
will
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Always stay
|
Togather
|
||
|
|
subject
|
finite |
predicator
|
|
subject
|
finite
|
predicatoe
|
compl
|
|
|
|
Mood
|
residue
|
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
|||
|
Circumt: matter
|
actor
|
Pr:material
|
|
actor
|
|
Pr:material
|
Goal
|
||
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
|||||
5) Setya said as quoted by tempo.co.id on Friday.
|
Setyo
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said
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As quoted by tempo co.id
|
On Friday
|
|
|
subject
|
finate
|
predicator
|
complemen
|
Ciscumt
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
|||
|
sayer
|
Pr: verbal
|
Phenomenon
|
||
|
theme
|
Rheme
|
|||
6) He explained
|
He
|
explained
|
|
|
subject
|
finite
|
predicator
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
|
|
sayer
|
Pr:verbal
|
phenomenon
|
|
Them
|
Rheme
|
|
7) That Golkar would not suggest the Democratic Party remove the PKS from the coalition.
|
That
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Golkar
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Would not
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suggest
|
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The Democratic party
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remove
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The PKS
|
From the coalition
|
|
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Subject
|
Finite
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P edicator
|
|
Complement
|
Circumst
|
||
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
Actor
|
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Pr:Material
|
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Actor
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Pr:Material
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Goal
|
Client
|
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
||||
8) Setya said
|
Setya
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said
|
|
|
Subject
|
Finite
|
Predicator
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
|
|
Sayer
|
Pr: Verbal
|
phenomenon
|
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
|
9) the PKS must have its own reason for always skipping the coalition’s joint secretariat meeting.
|
The PKS
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must
|
Have
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It own reason
|
For always
|
skipping the coalition’s join
secretary meeting
|
|
Subject
|
Finite
|
Predicator
|
Complement
|
Mood edjunct
|
Complement
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
||||
|
Actor
|
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Pr:material
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Goal
|
Client
|
|
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
||||
10) “PKS chairman [Anis Matta] was visiting the regions,
|
PKS chairman (Anis Matta)
|
was
|
visiting
|
The region
|
|
subject
|
Finite
|
Predicator
|
Complement
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
||
|
Actor
|
Pr: material
|
Goal
|
|
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
||
11) so we did not take it as a problem,”
|
So
|
We
|
Didn’t talk
|
It
|
As a problem
|
|
|
Mood adjunct
|
subject
|
Finite
|
Predicator
|
Complement
|
Complement
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
||||
|
|
Sayer
|
Pr: Verbal
|
Phenomenon
|
||
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
||||
12) he said
|
He
|
Said
|
|
|
Subject
|
Finite
|
Predicator
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
|
|
Sayer
|
Pr:
Verbal
|
phenomenon
|
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
|
13) Democratic
Party deputy chairman Max Sopacua previously said
|
Democratic Party deputy chairman Man Saparua |
Said
|
|
|
Subject
|
finite
|
Predicator
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
|
|
Sayer
|
Pr: Verbal
|
|
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
|
14) his
party questioned the PKS’ commitment to the coalition
|
His party
|
questioned
|
The PKS commitment |
To the coalition
|
|
|
Subject
|
Finite
|
Predicator
|
complement
|
Adjunct: circumst
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
|||
|
actor
|
Pr: Material
|
goal
|
Circumst
|
|
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
|||
15) Aas
it refused to support the coalition’s stance on the fuel price hike.
|
As
|
it
|
Refuse
|
To support the condition’s stance |
On the fuel price hike
|
|
|
|
subject
|
Finite
|
predicator
|
complement
|
Circumst:matter
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
||||
|
|
Actor
|
Pr: Material
|
Goal
|
Circumst:accompaniment
|
|
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
||||
16) “It
would be better for them
|
It
|
Would
|
Be Better
|
for them
|
|
Subject
|
Finite
|
Predicator
|
Complement
|
|
Mood
|
Residue
|
||
|
Carrier
|
|
attributive
|
Attribute
|
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
||
17) To
go out of the coalition rather than be a burden for us,”
|
to |
Go out |
Of the condition |
Rather than |
Be burden |
For us |
|
|
Predicator
|
complement
|
|
Complement
|
Circumst:anjunct
|
|
|
Residue
|
||||
|
|
Pr:Material
|
Goal
|
Client
|
||
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
||||
18) he
said.
|
He
|
said
|
|
|
subject
|
finite
|
pred
|
|
Mood
|
residue
|
|
|
sayer
|
verbal
|
|
|
Theme
|
Rheme
|
|
d.
Generic stucture :
1)
Headline :
Golkar hopes PKS reminds in coalition
2)
Newsworthy:
Golkar Party politician Setya
Novanto said he wanted the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) to remain in the
government coalition until the end of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s term
next year.
3)
Background event
“As a coalition partner, we hope the PKS will
always stay together,” Setya said as quoted by tempo.co.id on Friday.
He explained that Golkar would not suggest the Democratic Party remove the PKS from the coalition.
Setya said the PKS must have its own reason for always skipping the coalition’s joint secretariat meeting. “PKS chairman [Anis Matta] was visiting the regions, so we did not take it as a problem,” he said.
Democratic Party deputy chairman Max Sopacua previously said his party questioned the PKS’ commitment to the coalition as it refused to support the coalition’s stance on the fuel price hike. “It would be better for them to go out of the coalition rather than be a burden for us,” he said.
He explained that Golkar would not suggest the Democratic Party remove the PKS from the coalition.
Setya said the PKS must have its own reason for always skipping the coalition’s joint secretariat meeting. “PKS chairman [Anis Matta] was visiting the regions, so we did not take it as a problem,” he said.
Democratic Party deputy chairman Max Sopacua previously said his party questioned the PKS’ commitment to the coalition as it refused to support the coalition’s stance on the fuel price hike. “It would be better for them to go out of the coalition rather than be a burden for us,” he said.
4)
Sources
The sources of this be taken from Setyo Novanto
of Golkar potiticion and Deputy chairmen, Max Sopacua of Democratic party. It
was taken from The Jakarta post ,sat, June 08,2013
2.
The text related to the context of situation
a.
Register
1)
Field : coalition’s
party
2)
Tenor : Specialist( Setia Novanto and Max Sopacua) from the politician
party
3)
Mood : Written to be read
b.
The social practice
Setyo Novanto as
representation of Golkar party suggest to PKS stay in the coalition, At least
till President S.B.Yudhoyono’s term finish
his duty in 2014. Eventhough PKS
have skipped from the coalition cause of not supporting the plan of the fuel
price hike, Golkar suggest Democrat
party not remove PKS from coalition But deputy chairman of Democratic party, Max Sopacua ask to go out from
coalition
c.
The text tell us about
1)
What happening
The text entitled
“Golkar hopes PKS remind in coalition” inform us that there are two politician
give comment about what have PKS
done for refusing on the government planning to hike the fuel
price. One side ,The Golkar party
politician, Setyo Novanto remind that PKS still in government coalition, moreover he recommend
to democratic doesn’t remove although PKS have skipped as coalition partner.
Another side Democratic party deputy
chairman, Max Sopacua decided if PKS
doesn’t commitment again, It s better PKD set out of the coalition than
burden in government coalition.
2)
What people think
The gaps between
Golkar party and democratic party politician, Setya Novanto and Max Sopacua
statements. It confuses the member of society. The society obviously that there
is differences between Golkar party and Democratic party. These differences Is
caused by their point of view. Golkar consider to PKS stay the coalition. While democratic point
wants PKS as a burden. Whatever their
reason, it will not advantages to PKSWhat people believe
3)
What people believe
Golkar party
believes when PKS stay in
coalition until year 2013. It insures the
solidity parties
.Another hand, Democratic
party point of view believes doesn’t
support the
coalition policy and skip the politician’s join secretariat meeting from coalition’s stance. It better the PKS
have to set out from coalition
because PKS doesn’t take side of
government policy
4)
Ideology
By their own statement, they want to
have their own position as a good party which struggle for the people need.
They want the public is interest them as like care party. The end they want to have big vote getter in the next public election in 2013
3.
Interpretation
Both politicians
, Setyo Novanto from Golkar party and
Max Sopacua from Democratic party wanted to show their own power or rules
dealing with what has been done by PKS.
Setyo Novanto argued that it would be better for PKS stay in coalition better
that to set out. It signal that Golkar feels more comfortable staying together
with PKS in the coalition so that the PKS doesn’t have any possibilities to
show up the party.
And from democratic party point of view is still
ambiguity. If the PKS go out from the coalition, firstly, Democratic party will
get negative impact. It is considered that democraticparty is not able to
manage the coalition. Secondly, It’s dangerous for democratic party. If the PKS
set out from coalition, they will make rebellion but if PKS is still in
coalition with out supporting the policy of fuel rise hike. And it will reduce
the government authority.
In short time, I interpret the content of the text
above is the form of the doubtless from the government to decide whether PKS
have to stay or to be exited from coalition. And
Government seems just waiting for the PKS to quit from coalition by itself.
CONCLUTION
Based on the explanation above, It
can be concluded that it is not easy to analyze discourse, paragraphs,
sentences, clauses or phrase by teacher themselves. If the teachers know how
to analyze discourse so the teachers should know how the way to make understanding to the students. The
teachers have to choose the right method for teaching grammar
PEFERENCES
Susanne Eggins ( 1994) An Introduction to systemic functional linguistics, London , Linda
Geret and Petter Wignell ( Firt Editional,1994) Making Sense of
Functional Grammar, Sydney.
J.R.Martin and David Rose, Working with Discourse(meaning beyond the
clause).
London, New York.
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